Fluid and Particle Mechanics
This course introduces the study of fluid dynamics and particulate matter in chemical engineering processes. Topics include fluid statics and dynamics, pipe flow, and particle behavior in fluids. Students will acquire the skills to model and analyze fluid systems and particulate processes in various chemical engineering operations.
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- Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity, and Specific Volume
- Viscosity, Kinematic Viscosity, Vapor Pressure, and Surface Tension
- Compressibility of Fluids
- Mass Balances in a Flowing Fluid
- Macroscopic Momentum Balances
- Mechanical Energy Balances
- Bernoulli's Equation and Its Application
- Basic Equation of Fluid Statics
- Pressure Variation in a Static Fluid for Incompressible and Compressible Fluid (Hydrostatic Force)
- Measurement of Pressure
- Manometry
- Hydrostatic Force on a Plane Surface
- Buoyancy Force (Archimedes' Principle)
- Macroscopic Mechanical Energy Balance
- Friction Loss in the Straight Pipes
- Friction Factor Equations and Moody Chart
- Flow in Non-Circular Pipes
- Friction Loss from Sudden Contraction, Sudden Expansion, Fittings, and Valves
- Application of Fluid Flow in Single Pipes and Multiple Pipe Systems
- Pipe Flow Rate Measurement (Nozzle Meter, Orifice Meter, and Venturimeter)
- Pump Performance Characteristics (Head, Power, Efficiency, Brake Horsepower)
- Pump Performance Curves
- Cavitation and Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
- Positive Displacement Pumps & Centrifugal Pumps
- Pump Selection
- Pump Scaling Law
- Energy Balances
- Mechanical Energy Balances
- Velocity of Sound
- Process of Compressible Flow
- Isentropic Flow Through Nozzles
- Friction in Compressible Flow
- Types of Blowers and Compressors
- Adiabatic Compression
- Isothermal Compression
- Polytropic Compression
- Compressor Efficiency and Power
- Compressor Selection
- Surge and Choke in Compressor
- Compression Ratio and Stages Required
- Agitated Vessels
- Classes of Impeller
- Flow Pattern in an Agitated Vessel
- Power Consumption
- Newtonian and non-newtonian Fluids
- Rheological Characteristics of Fluids
- Reynolds Number and Friction Factor for Non-Newtonian Fluids
- Viscous Core and Inviscid Core
- Boundary Layer at Laminar and Turbulent Flow
- Reynolds Number for Flow Along a Flat Plate and Boundary Layer Thickness Calculation
- von Karman's Analysis on a Flat Plate (Drag Force, Momentum Thickness, Momentum Integral, Boundary Layer Thickness)
- Displacement Thickness
- Pressure and Velocity Distribution on a Spherical Surface
- Drag Force and Drag Coefficient Based on Flow Regime
- Force Balances at Terminal Velocity
- Terminal Velocity Based on Flow Regime
- Particle Separation using a Centrifuge
- Random & Structured Packing
- Darcy's Law of Permeability
- Pressure Gradient for Fixed Beds
- Pressure Gradient for Fluidized Beds
- Minimum Fluidization
- Particulate Fluidization (Liquid-Solid System)
References:
- McCabe, W. L., Harriott, P., & Smith, J. C. (2004). Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
- Munson. B. R., Young, D. F., Okisshi, T. H., & Huebsch, W. W. (2009). Fundamental of Fluid Mechanics (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Nevers, N. d. (1991). Fluid Mechanics for Chemical Engineers (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill, Inc.
- Richardson, J. F., Harker, J. H., & Backhurst, J. R. (2002). Coulson and Richardson's Chemical Engineering: Particle Technology and Separation Process (5th ed., Vol. 2). Butterworth-Heinemann.
- White, F. M. (2011). Fluid Mechanics (7th. ed). McGraw-Hill.